MPP/RMX (Remain in Mexico)
Under the "Remain in Mexico" program (RMX), also referred to as the "Migrant Protection Protocols" (MPP), noncitizens who arrive at the southern border and ask for asylum are given notices to appear at a future date in a U.S. immigration court at the border, and then returned to Mexico to wait for however long it takes for the U.S. government to process their applications for humanitarian protection. The program was created by President Trump in late 2018. On the campaign trail, President Biden promised to end RMX, and attempted to do so soon after he was inaugurated; litigation ensued.
Cases
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Biden v. Texas (TX RMX) - Supreme Court
Detention/Mandatory DetentionMPP/RMX (Remain in Mexico)Parole[ARCHIVED - September 2025] On February 18, 2022, the Supreme Court granted the Biden Administration's request to review the decision of the Fifth Circuit holding that the federal government must restart and maintain the "Remain in Mexico" (“RMX”) program (also referred to as the "Migrant Protection...Read more -
Arizona v. Mayorkas (AZ Border Wall) - District Court
Border WallCOVIDICEDetention/Mandatory DetentionMPP/RMX (Remain in Mexico)ParoleProsecutorial DiscretionTitle 42[ARCHIVED - September 2025] In this case, Arizona challenged at least five different immigration-related policies of the Biden Administration, principally based on an environmental law statute. Arizona’s main contention was that since the various policies could result in an increase in the U.S...Read more -
West Virginia v. DHS (WV RMX) - District Court
Detention/Mandatory DetentionMPP/RMX (Remain in Mexico)Parole[ARCHIVED - September 2025] In August 2021, West Virginia sued the Biden Administration for ending a policy, created in late 2018 by the Trump Administration, under which certain asylum seekers are returned to Mexico and forced to wait there for the months or years required for the U.S. government...Read more -
Texas v. Biden (TX RMX) - Court of Appeals I
Detention/Mandatory DetentionMPP/RMX (Remain in Mexico)ParoleThis is an appeal of a district court’s order that the Biden Administration restart the "Remain in Mexico" program (also referred to as the "Migrant Protection Protocols," or MPP), a Trump-era policy requiring certain asylum seekers to be returned to Mexico and forced to wait there for the months or...Read more -
Texas v. Biden (TX RMX) - District Court
Detention/Mandatory DetentionMPP/RMX (Remain in Mexico)ParoleIn April 2021, Texas and Missouri sued the Biden Administration for ending a policy, created in late 2018 by the Trump Administration, under which certain asylum seekers are returned to Mexico and forced to wait there for the months or years required for the U.S. government to process their...Read more
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